Articles

Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a disorder characterized by multiple recurring episodes of nausea and vomiting. It can sometimes be severe enough to lead to dehydration. In between episodes, patients typically have no symptoms. Chronic marijuana use has been associated with some cases. Physician and emotional

Diverticulitis

Diverticula are pockets or sacs that form in the lining of the intestine. Risk factors for forming these pockets include age, obesity, smoking, and a low-fiber diet. Diverticulitis occurs when these pockets become inflamed or infected. Symptoms include abdominal pain and fever. Antibiotics are typically

EGD

This is a procedure that allows a physician to visualize the upper portion of the digestive tract, which is the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (first portion of the small intestine). It is performed for symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, or difficulty swallowing. Patients

ERCP

ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) is a procedure that evaluates and treats disorders of the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. It is performed with an endoscope, which is a long flexible tube with a light and camera at the end of it. The tube has a channel that allows the

EUS

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a procedure that can visualize and take tissue samples of lesions from many organs, including the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, bile ducts, pancreas, and liver. It can also help determine the stage of many cancers of the digestive system. It is performed

Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Eosinophilic esophagitis is an allergic inflammation of the lining of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. It is more common in people who have a history of environmental or food allergies, or asthma. The most common symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain.

Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal cancer is a cancer of the esophagus, which is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. Risk factors for developing this cancer include smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and chronic acid reflux. Symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, heartburn, and weight loss.

Esophageal Manometry

This test is used to measure how well the esophagus is functioning. It evaluates the strength and coordination of the contractions of the muscles of the esophagus. Patients with heartburn, chest pain, and swallowing issues may undergo this test. A very thin tube is placed through the nose into the esophagus

Flexible Sigmoidoscopy

This procedure is used to visualize the rectum and lower part of the large intestine with a long thin flexible tube with a light and camera on it. Flexible sigmoidoscopy can be performed for a variety of reasons, including bleeding or a change in bowel habits. Patients typically prepare by taking several

GERD

GERD is a condition where stomach contents flow abnormally back into the esophagus. Common symptoms include heartburn (burning in the chest) and regurgitation. Risk factors for developing GERD include pregnancy, obesity, smoking, and the presence of a hiatal hernia. Treatment options can include dietary

Gallstone Disease

The gallbladder is an organ that stores bile, which is a fluid involved with digestion. Sometimes, substances in the bile can harden to form gallstones. Most people with gallstones do not have any symptoms. Some patients can develop symptoms from gallstones, which include abdominal pain, nausea, and

Gastroparesis

Gastroparesis is a disease where the stomach empties its contents slower than expected, in the absence of obstruction (blockage). The exact cause is unknown but risk factors for developing gastroparesis include certain abdominal surgeries, diabetes, some medications, and previous infections involving

H pylori Infection

H pylori is a very common bacteria that infects the lining of the stomach. The infection itself may not cause symptoms but can lead to inflammation of the stomach, or ulcers in the stomach or small intestine. It is also a risk factor for the development of stomach cancer. H pylori can be diagnosed by

Hemochromotosis

Hemochromatosis occurs when too much iron is absorbed from the diet and results in excessive iron accumulation in multiple organs including the skin, liver, heart, pancreas, and joints. This excessive accumulation can lead to organ damage. Complications can include the development of cirrhosis, heart

Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are dilated blood vessels in the anal canal and rectum and are very common. Risk factors for forming hemorrhoids include pregnancy, constipation and diarrhea, and straining with bowel movements. They can be asymptomatic, or cause anal itching, bleeding, or anal soreness. Treatment options

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach abnormally extends into the chest. They are very common, and risk factors for developing a hiatal hernia include increasing age, smoking, and obesity. Its presence can increase the risk of acid reflux, with symptoms including heartburn, chest pain,

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